Solution: When a botanist works in the field of plant breeding and development, there are a few processes that must be followed. Various strategies can be used to create a new plant variety. The following are some examples of frequent techniques:

(1) Somatic hybridization is another name for protoplast fusion. The protoplasts of two different plants’ cells are employed. Various compounds, like PEG, are employed to fuse the protoplast. As a result, a cell containing both characters is formed. To grow the plant, the cell can be cultivated.

(2) Emasculation and bagging: The plants that are chosen are employed in the cross-pollination procedure. This is a step in the hybridization process. To prevent self-pollination, the anthers of the bisexual flower are removed, a process is known as emasculation. To avoid pollination from other sources, the blooms are bagged. Cross-pollination is performed by dusting the blossom with pollen from the selected male plant. This results in the formation of a variety with genetically distinct plant characteristics.

(3) Hybridization: To create a new variety, various processes such as grafting might be applied. Two plants with appropriate characteristics are chosen for grafting.

(4) Selecting and testing superior recombinants: Choose superior hybrids that combine the best qualities of both parents.

(5) New cultivar testing, release, and commercialization.