Solution:
- The directional change in the flora and fauna of a given region over a period of time is called ecological succession.
- It is the process of gradual change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.
Three different steps as primary and secondary succession:
Primary succession:
- It is initiated when a new area that has never previously supported an ecological community is colonized by plants and animals.
- This could be on newly exposed rock surfaces from landslides or lava flows.
Secondary succession:
- It occurs when an area that has previously had an ecological community is so disturbed that the original community was destroyed, and a new community moves in.
- This is more common than primary succession.
- It is the result of natural disasters such as fires, floods and winds, as well as human interference such as logging and clear cutting.
Climax stage:
- when the population comes to a stable stage.