Solution: (a) We know that an organism at a specific trophic level consumes 90% of the biomass it consumes for its own needs, leaving just 10% for the creature at the next trophic level. So, to generate 1 kg of meat, 3 to 10 kg of grains must be spent on the cattle. This demonstrates that a transition from grain to meat diets increases cereal demand.
(b) This new field of study is known as single-cell proteins (SCP). Bacteria, fungi, and algae produce single-cell protein during the breakdown of organic molecules. The protein composition of the single-cell protein is quite high. The following are some of the advantages of this method:
• A higher output of protein per unit of biomass.
• More solar energy per square meter is used.
• This is a procedure that is friendly to the environment.
• The amount of land required is minimal.
• Production is not affected by seasonal or climatic changes.
• This could aid in addressing the issue of food security.