Solution:
The possible outcomes are {a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p}
Number of possible outcomes = 16
(i) Let E be the event of getting a vowel.
Outcomes favourable to E are { a,e,i,o}
Number of favourable outcomes = 4
P(E) = 4/16 = 1/4
Hence the probability of getting a vowel is ¼.
(ii) Let E be the event of getting a consonant.
Outcomes favourable to E are {b,c,d,f,g,h,j,k,l,m,n,p}
Number of favourable outcomes = 12
P(E) = 12/16 = 3/4
Hence the probability of getting a consonant is 3/4.
(iii) Let E be the event of getting none of the letters of word median.
Outcomes favourable to E are {b,c,f,g,h,j,k,l,o,p}
Number of favourable outcomes = 10
P(E) = 10/16 = 5/8
Hence the probability of getting none of the letters of word median is 5/8.