The highly reputed Maharashtra State Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education, an autonomous body in Pune, conducts exams twice a year with over 14 lakhs HSC and 17 lakhs SSC examinees. It has nine divisional Boards located all over Maharashtra. The MH Board physics class 9 syllabus 2021 will be discussed in this article. It will give an insight into the chapters and the subtopics included in the syllabus. The parts included in each term of the exam are also mentioned later on in this article. Students will be introduced to what and how much they have to study for the MH Board physics exam. Apart from this, the practical syllabus is also discussed.

A syllabus acts like a guideline that helps a student to prepare for exams in an organized way. It is advisable to have an idea about the MH Board physics class 9 syllabus and question pattern. Topics like Laws of Motion, Science of Sound, Light, Electricity, Energy, etc., remain covered in the MH Board physics class 9 syllabus. The practicals and experiments of physics in the syllabus are designed in an interactive and simple manner. This makes it easy for every student to grasp and clear up their concepts of physics in an effective way.

The preparation for class 10 board exams starts right from class 9; hence, it is considered to be crucial for students’ future. Moreover, in the 9^th standard, students get familiar with many topics that are present in the advanced classes like 11^th and 12^th. Thus, the foundation of higher classes gets laid in class 9. To excel in exams, a student must follow the syllabus thoroughly. The science syllabus of the MH Board for the academic year 2021–2022 has been reduced by 25%. No chapters from previous years have been removed from the syllabus as such. However, activities such as “use your brain power,” “let’s try this,” few projects, etc., within the chapters have been omitted from the Maharashtra board physics class 9 syllabus 2021. The following syllabus enables a student to cover all the topics for the exam in a disciplined and effective manner. The MH board science paper of the 9^th standard carries 80 marks in total.

Details of the Chapters Included in the MH Board Class 9 Physics Syllabus

The students of 9^th in the MH Board study the subject of science. The science textbook of the MH Board includes 18 chapters in total covering biology, environmental biology, physics, and chemistry. The MH Board conducts exams in two terms, first and second terms. Each term has a fixed syllabus. For each term, the syllabus is broadly divided into two parts, parts I and II. The syllabus of part I includes chapters from the subjects physics and chemistry, whereas part II includes chapters of biology and environmental biology. Although the science paper is divided into two parts, an integrated approach for teaching is suggested by the board. The MH Board physics class 9 syllabus includes six chapters. They are as follows:

Name and Details of the Chapter (Part I)

Chapter 1: Laws of Motion

1. Motion of an object;
    
2. Displacement and distance;
   
3. Speed and velocity;
   
4. Effect of speed and direction on velocity;
   
5. Uniform and non-uniform linear motion;
   
6. Acceleration;
   
7. Positive, negative, and zero acceleration;
   
8. Distance-time graph for uniform motion;
   
9. Distance-time graph for non-uniform motion;
   
10. Velocity-time graph for uniform velocity;
    
11. Velocity-time graph for uniform acceleration;
    
12. Equation of motion using graphical method:

• Equation describing the relation between velocity and time
• Equation describing the relation between displacement and time
• Equation describing the relation between displacement and velocity

13. Uniform circular motion;
    
14. Newton’s laws of motion:

• Newton’s first law of motion

15. Balanced and unbalanced force:

• Newton’s second law of motion
• Newton’s third law of motion
• Law of conservation of momentum

Chapter 2: Work and Energy

1. Unit of work;
   
2. Relationship between joule and erg;
   
3. Positive, negative, and zero work;
   
4. Energy:

• Kinetic energy
• Expression for kinetic energy
• Potential energy 
• Expression for potential energy
  

5. Transformation of energy;
   
6. Laws of conservation of energy;
   
7. Free fall;
   
8. Power

Chapter 3: Current Electricity

1. Potential and potential differences:

• Potential difference of a cell
• Free electrons
• Current flowing through a wire
  

2. Electric current;
   
3. Resistance and Ohm’s Law:

• Ohm’s Law
• Resistance and resistivity of a conductor
• Resistivity
• Electric circuit
  

4. Conductors and insulators;
   
5. Experimental proof of Ohm’s law;
   
6. System of resistors and effective resistance:

• Resistors in series
• Resistors in parallel

Chapter 4: Reflection of Light

1. Mirror and types of mirrors:

• Plane mirror;
• Convex mirror;
• Spherical mirrors;
• Concave mirror
  

2. Terms related to spherical mirrors:

• Pole
• Centre of curvature
• Radius of curvature
• Principal axis
• Focal length
  

3. Drawing of the reflected rays;
   
4. Image formed by a concave mirror;
   
5. Image formed by a convex mirror;
   
6. Divergence and convergence of light;
   
7. Uses of concave mirrors;
   
8. Uses of convex mirrors;
   
9. Mirror formula;
   
10. Magnification due to spherical mirrors

Chapter 5: Study of Sound

1. Velocity of sound;
   
2. Audible, infra-sound, and ultrasound;
   
3. Uses of ultrasonic sound;
   
4. Reflection of sound;
   
5. Good and bad reflectors of sound;
   
6. Echo;
   
7. Reverberation;
   
8. Sound navigation and ranging (SONAR);
   
9. Sonography;
   
10. Human ear

• Outer ear or pinna
• Middle ear
• Inner ear

Chapter 6: Observing Spaces: Telescopes

1. Different forms of light;
   
2. Telescopes:

• Optical telescopes
• Radio telescopes
• Telescopes in space
  

3. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Bengaluru;
   
4. Astrosat

For the theory exam, students need to attempt both short and long answer-type questions. In the first 3 sections, students need to answer 1 mark questions like fill in the blanks, true or false, and multiple-choice type questions. The next section contains descriptive-type questions of 2 marks each, and students get to choose any five questions out of six. The next section contains 3 marks questions, again students need to answer any five out of the six given questions. The last and final section of part I contains 5 marks questions, and students need to answer only one question out of the given two. Thus, the weightage of short answer-type questions is much more than the long descriptive ones. Students must focus on keeping their concepts clear. Short questions are easy to score and require much less time for answering, and therefore they should never be missed.

The practicals in the MH Board physics class 9 syllabus include very simple, yet interesting experiments as listed down below:

• Verifying the laws of reflection of sound;
• Measuring the temperature of hot water and plotting a temperature-time graph as the water cools down; 
• Determining the velocity of a pulse propagated through a stretched string 

Apart from the simple practicals or activities mentioned within the science textbook of the MH Board, these practicals are also suggested to be performed. A record of the practicals and experiments performed is to be maintained by each student. Assessment of the final scores in the subject would depend on this as well.

Key Takeaways

The question pattern of the MH Board physics paper gives ample scope to students to score great marks, as plenty of short answer-type questions are present in the paper. These questions can correctly be answered when the concepts are strong and clear. Students are also provided with options among questions. Hence, it is suggested to follow the syllabus and cover all the topics smartly. It would be a good idea to identify and focus on their strong chapters or topics and prepare for the exam accordingly.