Solution:
Homozygous means that the allelic pairings of a gene are same, whereas heterozygous means that the allelic pairs of a gene are different. A dominant factor is one of two distinct factors, one of which dominates the other and is known as the recessive factor. Upper case denotes the dominant one, whereas lower case denotes the recessive one. For example, T stands for tall and t stands for dwarf of the same height.