Solution: The two contributions of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan are-
(i) M.S. Swaminathan produced high-yielding, short-duration rice cultivars, notably scented Basmati. He is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution’ in India. He developed high-yielding varieties of wheat in India.
(ii) He is also noted for inventing the crop cafeteria concept, crop scheduling, and genetically increasing production and quality. He is an advocate of moving India to sustainable development.