India Site

Find the equation of the circle which circumscribes the triangle formed by the lines: (i) x + y + 3 = 0, x – y + 1 = 0 and x = 3 (ii) 2x + y – 3 = 0, x + y – 1 = 0 and 3x + 2y – 5 = 0

(i) The lines \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

x\text{ }+\text{ }y\text{ }+\text{ }3\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

x\text{ }-\text{ }y\text{ }+\text{ }1\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

x\text{ }=\text{ }3  \\

\end{array}\]

solving these lines we get the intersection points A (-2, -1), B (3, 4), C (3, -6)

the equation of the circle:  x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + c = 0….. (1)

Substitute the points (-2, -1) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{\left( -\text{ }2 \right)}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{\left( -\text{ }1 \right)}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( -2 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( -1 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

4\text{ }+\text{ }1\text{ }-\text{ }4a\text{ }-\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

5\text{ }-\text{ }4a\text{ }-\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

4a\text{ }+\text{ }2b\text{ }-\text{ }c\text{ }-\text{ }5\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 2 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Substitute the points (3, 4) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{3}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{4}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( 3 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( 4 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

9\text{ }+\text{ }16\text{ }+\text{ }6a\text{ }+\text{ }8b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

6a\text{ }+\text{ }8b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }+\text{ }25\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 3 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Substitute the points (3, -6) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{3}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{\left( -\text{ }6 \right)}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( 3 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( -\text{ }6 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

9\text{ }+\text{ }36\text{ }+\text{ }6a\text{ }-\text{ }12b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

6a\text{ }-\text{ }12b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }+\text{ }45\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 4 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Upon simplifying equations (2), (3), (4) we get

a = – 3, b = 1, c = -15.

Now by substituting the values of a, b, c in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{x}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{y}^{2}}~+\text{ }2\left( -\text{ }3 \right)x\text{ }+\text{ }2\left( 1 \right)y\text{ }-\text{ }15\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

{{x}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{y}^{2}}~-\text{ }6x\text{ }+\text{ }2y\text{ }\text{ }15\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

\end{array}\]

∴ The equation of the circle is x2 + y2 – 6x + 2y – 15 = 0.

(ii)  The lines \[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

2x\text{ }+\text{ }y\text{ }-\text{ }3\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

x\text{ }+\text{ }y\text{ }-\text{ }1\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

3x\text{ }+\text{ }2y\text{ }-\text{ }5\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

\end{array}\]

On solving, the intersection points A(2, – 1), B(3, – 2), C(1,1)

the equation of the circle: x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2by + c = 0….. (1)

Substitute the points (2, -1) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{2}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{\left( -\text{ }1 \right)}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( 2 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( -\text{ }1 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

4\text{ }+\text{ }1\text{ }+\text{ }4a\text{ }-\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

4a\text{ }-\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }+\text{ }5\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 2 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Substitute the points (3, -2) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{3}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{\left( -\text{ }2 \right)}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( 3 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( -\text{ }2 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

9\text{ }+\text{ }4\text{ }+\text{ }6a\text{ }-\text{ }4b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

6a\text{ }-\text{ }4b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }+\text{ }13\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 3 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Substitute the points (1, 1) in equation (1), we get

\[\begin{array}{*{35}{l}}

{{1}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{1}^{2}}~+\text{ }2a\left( 1 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }2b\left( 1 \right)\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

1\text{ }+\text{ }1\text{ }+\text{ }2a\text{ }+\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }=\text{ }0  \\

2a\text{ }+\text{ }2b\text{ }+\text{ }c\text{ }+\text{ }2\text{ }=\text{ }0\ldots ..\text{ }\left( 4 \right)  \\

\end{array}\]
Upon simplifying equations (2), (3), (4) we get

a = -13/2, b = -5/2, c = 16

Now by substituting the values of a, b, c in equation (1), we get

\[{{x}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{y}^{2}}~+\text{ }2\text{ }\left( -13/2 \right)x\text{ }+\text{ }2\text{ }\left( -5/2 \right)y\text{ }+\text{ }16\text{ }=\text{ }0{{x}^{2}}~+\text{ }{{y}^{2}}~\text{ }13x\text{ }\text{ }5y\text{ }+\text{ }16\text{ }=\text{ }0\]

∴ The equation of the circle is x2 + y2 – 13x – 5y + 16 = 0