(a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
(b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
(c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
Solution:
a) Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic respiration
| Aerobic respiration | Anaerobic respiration |
| Occurs in the presence of the Oxygen | When there isn’t enough oxygen in the air, this happens. |
| Complete breakdown of respiratory materials is required. | Involves partial breakdown of the gases. |
| Carbon-di-oxide and water are the end products | Carbon-dioxide and ethanol are the end products. |
| Gases are exchanged in this process. | The exchange of gases is not included. |
b) Glycolysis and Fermentation
| Glycolysis | Fermentation |
| It’s the initial stage in aerobic respiration, and both aerobic and anaerobic forms of respiration use it. | Anaerobic respiration is a type of respiration that does not require oxygen. |
| It produces pyruvic acid | It produces lactic acid and ethanol |
| For every molecule of glucose, it makes two molecules of NADH. | NADH is produced during glycolysis and is used. |
| It forms two ATP for every glucose molecule | It does not produce ATP. |
c) Glycolysis and Citric acid Cycle
| Glycolysis | Citric acid cycle |
| Occurs inside cytoplasm | Occurs inside mitochondria |
| It is a linear pathway | It is a cyclic pathway |
| Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate. | The acetyl group is totally broken down. |
| The net gain is 8 ATP | Net gain is 24 molecules of ATP |