What assumptions have you made to obtain the required mechanical advantage? Solutions: Assumptions made are (i) There is no friction in the drawn pulley bearing. (ii) The drawn pulleys and the...
(a) What is the maximum load he can raise with this pulley system if its efficiency is 60%? (b) If the effort end moves a distance 60 cm, what distance does the load move? Solutions: According to...
(a) How many strands of tackle are supporting the load?(b) Draw arrows to represent tension T in each strand.(c) What is the mechanical advantage of the system?(d) When load is pulled up by a...
(a) Draw a string around the pulleys. Also show the point of application and direction in which the effort E is applied.(b) What is the velocity ratio of the system?(c) How are load and effort of...
Solutions: According to the question, Load is 150 N and Effort is 60 N Using the expression of Mechanical advantage, we have M.A. = Load / Effort = 150 / 60 M.A. = 2.5 The M.A. should be equal to n...
(a) Mark in the diagram the direction of load L and effort E. (b) If the load is raised by 1 m, through what distance will the effort move? (c) State how many strands of tackle are supporting the...
(a)The mechanical advantage, (b)The velocity ratio and, (c)The efficiency of the system. Solutions: According to the question, a block and tackle system has 5 pulleys (n = 5) Effort is 1000 N and...
Find: (i) the mechanical advantage, (ii) the velocity ratio, and (iii) the efficiency. Solutions: According to the question - Load is 75 kgf Effort is 25 kgf number of pulleys = n = 3 The expression...
Solutions: We know that in case of a single fixed pulley, the effort (Ef) needed to lift a load is the load itself. Therefore, Ef = L = 50kgf In case of a movable pulley, the effort needed to lift a...
(a) The power input to the pulley taking the force of gravity on 1 kg as 10 N. (b) the efficiency of the pulley, and (c) the height to which the load is raised in 4.0 s. Solutions:...
Solutions: According to the question - The force applied by the woman is 70 N The mass of bucket and water put together is 6 kg So, total weight = Mg Therefore, Total load = 6 × 10 = 60 N Expression...
(a) a force multiplier(b) a speed multiplier(c) a device to change the direction of effort(d) an energy multiplier Solution - The correct option is (a). As a force multiplier, a movable pulley is...
(a) 1(b) 2(c) less than 2(d) less than 1. Solutions: The correct option is (b) 2. Mechanical advantage of an ideal single movable pulley is 2 derivation of which is given below: According to given...
(a) Has a mechanical advantage greater than 1(b) Has a velocity ratio less than 1(c) Gives 100% efficiency(d) Helps to apply the effort in a convenient direction. Solutions: The correct option is...
(c) The velocity ratio of a combination of n movable pulleys with a fixed pulley is always 2n. (d) The velocity ratio of a block and tackle system is always equal to the number of strands of the...
(a) The velocity ratio of a single fixed pulley is always more than 1. (b) The velocity ratio of a single movable pulley is always 2. Solutions ;...
Solutions: (a) Multiply force – a movable pulley is used (b) Multiply speed – Class III lever (c) Change the direction of force applied – single fixed pulley
(c) In the case of a block and tackle system, the mechanical advantage increases with the increase in the number of pulleys.(d) The lower block of a block and tackle pulley system must be of...
(a) In a single fixed pulley, the velocity ratio is always more than the mechanical advantage.(b) The efficiency of a movable pulley is always less than 100%. Solutions - (a) In a single fixed...
Solutions:
Find: (i) the mechanical advantage, (ii) velocity ratio and (iii) the efficiency of the combination in ideal situation. Solutions: (i) According to the diagram given above the Tension T1 in the...
(a) Name the pulleys A, B and C. (b) Mark in the diagram the direction of load (L), effort (E) and tension T1 and T2 in the two strings. (c) How are the magnitudes of L and...
Solutions: Single fixed pulley : a) It is fixed to a rigid support b) Its ideal mechanical advantage is 1 c) Its velocity ratio is 1 d) The weight of pulley itself does not affect its mechanical...
(c) What is the purpose of the pulley B?(d) If the tension is T, deduce the relation between (i) T and E, and (ii) E and L.(e) What is the velocity ratio of the arrangement?(f) Assuming that the...
(a) Name the pulleys A and B.(b) In the diagram, mark the direction of tension on each strand of string. Solution Diagram for both (a) and (b)
Solutions: This system's optimal mechanical advantage is 2. This can be accomplished by assuming that the string and the pulley are massless, and that there is no friction between the string and the...
Solutions: We must keep in mind that velocity ratio is 2 for a single movable pulley. When a load is lifted down by a certain distance, the force used to lift it must be applied twice as far. This...
Solutions: The velocity ratio of a single movable pulley is always 2. The friction in the pulley bearing has no effect. When a load is lifted down by a certain distance, the force must be applied...
Solutions: It is necessary to apply the force in an upward direction.The direction of the applied force can be altered without affecting its mechanical advantage by utilising a single moveable...
Solutions: Because of the following factors, the efficiency of a single movable pulley system is not 100 percent. (i) The pulley bearing friction is not zero.(ii) The pulley and string do not have...
Solutions: The single movable pulley acts as a force multiplier. A moving pulley has a mechanical advantage of 2. This means that any object hooked to a moving pulley will require half the force to...
Solutions: A single movable pulley is a single pulley whose axis of rotation is movable. The mechanical advantage for the ideal case is 2. A moving pulley has a mechanical advantage of 2. This means...
Solutions: The load rises with the distance x upwards. There is no mechanical benefit with a single fixed pulley. A single fixed pulley is solely used to shift the direction in which the effort is...
Solutions: Theoretically, the velocity ratio of a single fixed pulley is 1. In practice, whether the pulley is frictionless or has friction, the velocity ratio for a given machine is always the...
Solutions: There is no mechanical benefit with a single fixed pulley. A single fixed pulley is solely used to shift the direction in which the effort is applied, allowing the effort to be applied in...
Solutions: A single fixed pulley has a mechanical advantage of 1. It isn't possible to use it as a force multiplier.
Solutions: A fixed pulley is defined as "a pulley with its axis of rotation stationary in position." This pulley is used to hoist a tiny load, such as a pail of water.
Solutions: According to the question, Length of arms of fire tong is 20 cm Effort arm is 15 cm long and the length of Load arm is 20 cm (i) Expression for the Mechanical advantage is M.A. = Effort...
(a) State the principle of moments as applied to the above lever. (b) To which class of lever does it belong? Give an example of this class of lever. (c) If FA = 10cm, AB = 490cm, calculate: (i) the...
Find: (a) the load arm, (b) the effort arm, (c) the mechanical advantage, and (d) the minimum effort required to keep the leg just off the ground. Solutions: (a) According to the diagram, (a) Load...
(a) To which class of lever does it belong?(b) If FA = 80 cm, AB = 20 cm, find its mechanical advantage.(c) Calculate the value of E. Solutions: (a) It belongs to class II lever. (b) According to...
(c) What is the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio if the efficiency is 100%? (d) What will be the mechanical advantage and velocity ratio if the efficiency becomes 50%? Solution (c) According...
Solutions: (a) The effort arm is the same length as the lever. The load arm is also greater than the effort arm. As a result, this lever is classified as a class II lever. (b)
(a) If a weight W is placed at a distance of 250 cm from the support on the long arm, Find W.(b) If a weight 5 kgf is kept to balance the rod, find its position.(c) To which class of lever does it...
(a) Find: (i) the mechanical advantage of scissors and (ii) the load offered by the cloth. (b) How does the pair of scissors act: as a force multiplier or as a speed multiplier? Solutions: According...
Solutions: As evident form the diagram, crowbar is a class I lever. According to the question - (i) Total length of crowbar is 1.5 m Effort arm is 1 m long Load arm then becomes 1.5 – 1 = 0.5 m long...
(a) To which class of lever does it belong? (b) If AB =1 m, AF= 0.4 m, find its mechanical advantage. (c) Calculate the value of E. Solutions: (a) According to the diagram, this belongs to a Class I...
Solutions: According to the question, Effort arm is 10 cm long Load arm is 5 cm long Expression for Mechanical advantage is M.A. = Effort arm / Load arm = 10 / 5 M.A. = 2 For effort, the expression...
Solutions: According to the question, Effort arm is 7.5 cm long Load arm is 15 cm Expression for Mechanical advantage is M.A = Effort arm / Load arm = 7.5 / 15 M.A. = 0.5
Solutions: According to the question, Total length of a crowbar is120 cm Load arm is of length 20 cm Effort arm then becomes = 120 – 20 = 100 cm We know that the expression for Mechanical advantage...
a. M.A. = V.R. b. M.A. > V.R. c. M.A. > 1 d. M.A. < 1 Solutions: The correct option is (c) Class II levers are designed to have- M.A. > 1
(a) Fulcrum at mid-point between load and effort. (b) Load between effort and fulcrum. (c) Effort between fulcrum and load. (d) Load and effort acting at the same point. Solutions: The correct...
(a) A machine always has the efficiency less than 100%. (b) The mechanical advantage of a machine can be less than 1. (c) A machine can be used as a speed multiplier. (d) A...
a. M.A. = η x V.R. b. V.R. = η x M.A. c. η = M.A. x V.R. d. None of these Solutions: The mechanical advantage (M.A) is the product of velocity ratio (V.R)...
a. M.A. = L x E b. M.A. x E = L c. E = M.A. x L d. None of these Solutions: Mechanical advantage (M.A.) is the product of load (L) and effort (E). We can write it as - M.A × E =...
(a) Mechanical advantage = ___________ × velocity ratio (b) In class II lever, effort arm is __________ than the load arm. (c) A scissors is a ___________ multiplier....
Solutions: The examples of each known class of lever in a human body are : (i) Nodding of the head is a Class I lever action. The spine serves as the fulcrum in this situation, with the load at the...
Solutions: It is a Class III lever as shown below -
(a) raising a load on the palm, and (b) raising the weight of body on toes? Solutions: (a) A Class III lever is one that raises a load on the palm.The fulcrum is the human arm's elbow in this case....
Solutions: (a) A door – Class II (b) A catapult – Class I (c) A wheelbarrow – Class II (d) A fishing rod – Class III
(c)A nutcracker (d)Forceps Solutions: (c)A nutcracker (d)Forceps
(a)A seesaw (b)A common balance Solutions: (a) A sea-saw (b) A common balance
(a) a bottle opener, and (b) sugar tongs. Solutions: (a) A bottle opener is a Class II lever because the fulcrum F and the effort E are at opposite ends of the lever, and the load is in the middle....
Solutions: Example : knife
Solutions: With Class III levers, we gain speed rather than force, i.e. a bigger displacement of load is obtained with a smaller displacement of effort.
Solutions: The effort E is located between the fulcrum F and the load L in a Class III lever. As a result, the load arm is always smaller than the effort arm. Therefore, M.A. is always less than 1...
(a) Mark position of fulcrum F and draw arrows to show the directions of load L and effort E. (b) What class of lever is the rod? (c) Give one more example of the same class of lever stated in part...
(a) In the diagram, mark the position of the directions of load L and effort E. (b) Name the class of lever. Solutions: (a) (b) It is a class II lever.
Solutions: The fulcrum F and the effort E are at the two extremities of a Class II lever, and the load L is halfway between the effort E and the fulcrum F. Therefore, the load and the effort are on...
Solutions: Class II lever The effort arm is longer than the load arm in this type of lever.
Solutions: Class II lever have a mechanical advantage of greater than one. Reason - The fulcrum F and the effort E are at the two extremities of a Class II lever, and the load L is halfway between...
(a) State with reasons whether the weight W of the rule is greater than, less than or equal to the effort E. (b) Find the mechanical advantage in an ideal case....
Solutions: The blades of a pair of scissors used to cut a piece of cloth are longer than the handles. This allows the blades to move farther on the material when the handles are moved a bit.Short...
Solutions: A pair of scissors and pliers are both examples of class I levers.The mechanical advantage of a pair of scissors is less than one.
(a) more than 1, (b) equal to 1, and (c) less than 1? Solutions: (a) When the mechanical advantage is greater than one, the lever acts as a force multiplier, allowing us to overcome a big resistive...
Solutions: (a) Shears, which are used to cut thin metal sheets, have multiple mechanical advantages. (b) For a mechanical advantage of less than one: a pair of scissors with blades that are longer...
Solutions: The three types of levers are as follows: (i) Class I levers: The fulcrum F is located between the effort E and the load L in this type of lever.A claw hammer, a beam from a physical...
Solutions: The expression of a lever's mechanical advantage is – M.A. = (Effort arm) / (Load arm) It is simply the ratio of effort arm to the load arm.
Solutions: A lever is a stiff, straight or bent rod that may rotate around a fixed axis. The principle of moments governs the operation of a lever. The rod is supposed to be weightless and there is...
Solutions: Because there is a loss of energy due to friction, the output work is always less than the input work for an actual machine. As a result, the efficiency is always less than one.
Solutions: For an actual machine, the mechanical advantage is defined as the product of its efficiency and velocity ratio. Expression for machine advantage is M.A. = V.R. × η The efficiency of...
Solutions: Allow a machine to overcome a load L by exerting effort E. Let dE be the effort displacement and dL be the load displacement in time t. Then, work input and output becomes : Work input =...
(b) Name the term that will not change for a machine of a given design. Solutions: (a) A machine's mechanical advantage is the product of its efficiency and velocity ratio.M.A = V.R × η(b) For...
In each case state whether the velocity ratio is more than or less than 1? Solutions: (i) For a machine that works as a force multiplier, the displacement of the load is smaller than the...
(a) a force multiplier and (b) a speed multiplier? Can a machine act as a force multiplier and speed multiplier simultaneously? Solutions: (a) The machine operates as a force multiplier when the...
Solutions: The term efficiency of a machine is defined as the ratio of the machine's work on a load to the work done on the machine by the effort, or efficiency is the ratio of work output to work...
(i) an ideal machine, (ii) a practical machine? Solutions: Work output equals work input in a perfect machine, implying 100% efficiency. And also that the the mechanical advantage is numerically...
Solutions: The term velocity ratio means - The velocity of the effort to the velocity of the load of a machine. The velocity ratio has no unit because it is the ratio of two identical...
Solutions: The mechanical advantage of the machine is defined as the load to effort ratio. Mechanical advantage has no unit because it is the ratio of two similar quantities.
Solutions: A perfect machine is one whose parts are weightless and frictionless, with no energy dissipation occurs in any way. Because the work output equals the work input, the efficiency is 100...
Solutions: The goal of a jack in lifting a car is to make it easier than the weight so that it can act as a force multiplier.
(a) to change the direction of force, (b) to obtain the gain in speed. Solutions:...
(a) to multiply the force, (b) to change the point of application of force...
Solutions: We can benefit from machines in the following ways: (a) Reducing the amount of effort required to lift a large weightb) Changing the location at which effort is applied to a more...
(b) State the principle of an ideal machine. Solutions: (a) A machine is a mechanism that allows us to overcome a big resistive force (or load) at a specific place by applying a modest force (or...