Solution: Pomato is a cross between a potato and a tomato. This is an intergeneric sort of hybrid. Somatic hybridization can result in the formation of pomato. Somatic hybridization is the process...

Solution: The three options to increase food production are- Using Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology to boost food production is one option. The demerits of this method is- Multiple...

Solution: During the 1950s, scientists discovered that an explant can be used to grow an entire plant. Explant refers to any component of a plant that has been cultivated in a test tube under...

Solution: (a) The mutation is processed, allowing the plant's genetic sequence to be altered. Mutations can happen naturally or be produced. Mutations in the mung bean induced resistance to yellow...

Solution: Apiculture is the maintenance of hives of honeybees for the production of honey. It is also known as beekeeping. Farmers can benefit from apiculture in a variety of ways. The following are...

Solution: The claim that contemporary ways of growing animals and plants can help ease the global food deficit is valid. When we compare the state of food security during World War II to the current...

Solution: In crop improvement programs, tissue culture has the following advantages over traditional plant breeding methods:         i.            Any portion of the parent plant can be used to...

Solution: (a) We know that an organism at a specific trophic level consumes 90% of the biomass it consumes for its own needs, leaving just 10% for the creature at the next trophic level. So, to...

Solution: When a botanist works in the field of plant breeding and development, there are a few processes that must be followed. Various strategies can be used to create a new plant variety. The...

Solution: Golden rice (fortified with vitamin A, iron, and zinc), sweet potato (fortified with beta carotene), vitamin A enriched carrot, iron-enriched bitter gourd, and other biofortified crops....

Solution: The physical barrier that prevents protoplast fusion is the cell wall. With the help of the enzymes cellulase and pectinase, the cell wall, which is made up of cellulose and pectin, is...

Solution: Pure line is a breed or strain of plants and animals that have homozygous alleles and have similar characters for various generations. In-breeding is used to establish pure lineages....

Solution: Natural selection and Artificial selection are defined as- Natural Selection: Nature picks creatures with desirable characteristics, as the term implies. Organisms that are better adapted...

Solution: Any unfavorable influence on the plant generated by any reason, whether biotic or abiotic, is referred to as stress. Stress has an impact on the plant's growth and development. Water...

Solution: India is a huge country with a lot to offer. Different soil types and climatic conditions can be found in different sections of the country. To be successful throughout India, a crop...

Solution: Tissue culture is a technique that allows us to grow thousands of identical plants from a single cell. Tissue culture plants are used to make thousands and thousands of perfect duplicates...

Solution: A breed is a group of animals with similar appearance, behavior, and other characteristics, whereas a species is a collection of plants and animals that live together and can reproduce...

Solution: Tissue culture, we know, has made it feasible to grow a new plant from any portion of an existing one. Tissue culture is the method through which we can produce thousands of plants of the...

Solution: Meristematic tissue cells undergo differentiation and lose their ability to divide in order to create permanent tissue, as we know. Plants, on the other hand, have the rare capacity to...

Solution: A culture media is a growth medium that has been artificially created. This medium contains a variety of nutrients, chemicals, growth regulators, and food supplements that the growing cell...

Solution:  Plant cells can be cultured in vitro more easily than animal cells. The reasons behind this are as follows: (a) Meristem is present in a plant, and meristem cells are always divided....

Solution:  Morphological features: Various plants have a certain hair-like structure in the stem and other parts of the plants, these features prevent insect pests and Biochemical features...

Solution: The improved qualities of wheat that helped India accomplish the green revolution were as follows: (a) Semi-dwarf plants: Semi-dwarf plants use the majority of their resources to produce a...

Solution: Germplasm is nothing more than a collection of genes. The collection of plants or seeds that include all of the various alleles for all of the genes in a specific crop is completed. The...

Solution: Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technique (MOET) is used to improve fertilizing success rates. A cow is given an FSH-like activity hormone to enhance follicular maturation and...

Solution: Adopting nutritious foods can help prevent both malnutrition and lifestyle problems. As part of an overall healthy diet, eating a diet high in various vegetables and fruits may protect...

Solution: It appears that the low yield from the farm was because of the absence of sufficient pollinators. We know pollination is important for seed production in many crops. Insects are important...

Solution: The rise of aquaculture as a significant and highly productive agricultural activity is referred to as the 'blue revolution.' Its vision is to achieve economic prosperity for the country,...

Solution: Globalization is aided by migration from one location to another. As a result, there is a greater risk of infectious diseases spreading quickly. The virus can even spread from person to...

(i) Breed Selection: The breed should be capable of producing a high milk output. It should be able to fend off a variety of ailments. (ii) Cattle shed construction: Cattle sheds should be well...

Solution: If the character of height is taken into consideration, tallness can be desirable for one plant whereas undesirable for another plant. The same is the case with dwarfness. (a) While a...

Solution: The two contributions of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan are- (i) M.S. Swaminathan produced high-yielding, short-duration rice cultivars, notably scented Basmati. He is known as the ‘Father of Green...

Solution: Pisciculture is the culture of just fishes to obtain products of fish whereas aquaculture is the culture of all aquatic plants and animals. Aquaculture - Fish is a high-protein food with a...

Solution: In the interspecific crossing, two different male and female species mate. The offspring produced in this manner will be sterile. As a result, inter-specific crosses are rare in nature....

Solution: The following are the two main limits of the plant hybridization program: (a) Germplasm collection: Cultivators and agricultural scientists require seeds from currently produced kinds as...

Solution:  Emasculation is the process of removing the male portion of a bisexual flower, the anther. The male reproductive component (stamens) of a flower, usually a bisexual flower, is...

Solution: The fusion of any two organisms produces a somatic hybrid, whereas the fusion of two different varieties or two related species produces a hybrid. Nuclear and cytoplasmic fusion occurs as...

Solution: No, it is not incorrect because each plant will be genetically identical to the original plant from which it was developed, i.e., clones/soma clones. A clone is a live entity that is...

Solution: They must pay attention to animal behavior. At regular intervals, they should perform a basic check-up. Vaccination is given for a particular amount of time. Analyzing and inspecting the...

Solution: Aquaculture is defined as the culture or farming of all the aquatic plants and animals for economic use. Therefore, aquaculture is the breeding of aquatic animals or the cultivation of...

Solution: Spirulina is a high-protein food that contains all of the essential amino acids. Spirulina has a considerably higher protein content than pulses. As a result, it may be a healthier protein...

Solution: Single called protein is a protein-rich meal manufactured by microorganisms (SCP) Spirulina is a type of bacteria that has a lot of protein. Since bacteria proliferate at such a rapid...

Solution: Meristems have the ability to divide continuously throughout their lives, and their walls are thin and elastic to aid division, making them ideal for tissue. They divide and differentiate...

Solution: Protoplast fusion is a way of fusing somatic cells from various plants to create a hybrid. Both spontaneous and induced fusion procedures can be used to combine protoplasts from two...

Solution: Somatic hybrids are formed by fusing isolated protoplasts from two different plant varieties, each with a desirable characteristic, to produce a hybrid protoplast that can be grown to form...

Solution: Many people are able to obtain a product that is solely composed of carbohydrates. Other nutrients, such as protein, vitamins, and minerals, are not available to these people. This is...

Solution: a) Mating of closely related individuals within the same breed - v) inbreeding b) Mating of animals of the same breed but with no common ancestors on either side for at least 4-6...

Solution: Triticale was the earliest cereal created by humans. It's a cross between wheat and rye. It was first bred in the laboratory in Scotland and Sweden in the late 1800s. It blends wheat's...

Solution: Although wild variants of domesticated plants have a low yield, they are disease and insect-resistant. They have various resistant characters (genes) that can be introduced in other...

Solution: Two closely related species are mated for a few generations, the technique is known as inbreeding, and if this is continued, inbreeding depression occurs. The condition is known as...

Solution: If gamma rays aren't directly exposed to humans, they can't be hazardous to their health. Only the crop varieties are mutated as a result. Since humans are not in direct contact with the...

Solution: Millions of chickens were murdered (culled) in West Bengal, Orissa, and Maharashtra after the H5N1 virus, the cause of Bird Flu. Since they were infected with the bird flu virus, which can...

Solution: Germplasm collection refers to the full collection of all the various alleles of all the genes in a certain crop. It is used to assess the desirable character combinations in plants. It is...

Solution: Agriculture, together with its associated industries, is unquestionably India's major source of income, particularly in the country's vast rural areas. It also makes a substantial...

Solution: India's agriculture sector employs over 70% of the population, with 80 percent of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 20.5 percent of India's GDP. So, the...

Solution: India and China account for more than 70% of the world's cattle population. However, the contribution to global agriculture production is only 25%, implying a very poor productivity per...

Solution: Apiculture, also known as beekeeping, is the practice of maintaining bee colonies in order to produce honey. Beeswax is a by-product of honey bees that are used to make numerous polishes...

Solution: Rohu, Catla, and common carp are freshwater fish, while Hilsa is both a freshwater and a marine fish. Freshwater fish are hypertonic to their surroundings, meaning that the concentration...

Solution: Plant cell walls are made up of cellulose, soluble proteins, and pectin, and are organized in layers. As a result, both pectinase (a pectin-degrading enzyme) and cellulase are required to...

Solution: The protoplasm of a living cell whose cell wall has been removed is known as protoplast. In other words, a protoplast is a plant cell that lacks a cell wall. It is done in order to create...

Solution: Plants are propagated by developing plantlets in tissue culture and then transplanting them into the wild. Tissue culture is a technique for growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in an...

Solution: The essential amino acids are those that our bodies cannot synthesize and must be obtained from our food. Lysine and tryptophan are essential amino acids.  Non-essential amino acids are...

Solution: Plant breeding is the process of introducing a desired gene from a wild type into plants. When a related species is involved, the genes can only be transmitted from the wild type. The...

Solution: An explant is a section of the plant that has been removed and cultivated under sterile conditions in special nutritive media. In tissue culture, this is the procedure for producing a...

Solution: Somatic hybridization is a technique for manipulating cellular genomes by fusing protoplasts from different species. Treatment of cells with digesting enzymes can be used to isolate their...

Solution: The ability to create a completely new plant from any cell is referred to as totipotency. Explants could be used to regrow the entire plant (any part of the plant that is taken out and...

Solution: The process of improving the nutritional quality of food crops by agronomic methods, traditional plant breeding, or modern biotechnology is known as biofortification. Biofortification...

Solution: Mutation breeding is the technique of exposing seeds to chemicals and radiation to create mutants with desirable qualities that may be bred with other growers. The base sequence of genes...

Solution: Biocidal chemical substances known as fungicides are used to kill parasitic fungi or their spores. They stop pathogenic fungi from growing and causing major damage to crops. Antibiotics...

Solution: Saccharum barberi is sugarcane that is grown in north India, but it has a low sugar content and yield. Saccharum officinarum, on the other hand, was grown in south India and has thick...

Solution: Rice is grown in some South Indian states twice a year. This is owing to the development of improved rice varieties with increased nutritious content and higher annual yields. Golden rice...

Solution: The meristematic tissues are virus-free because virus spread in plant tissue does not keep up with meristem growth, which means meristem growth outpaces viral multiplication. Since they...

Solution: The fungus Puccinia graminis causes stem, black, and cereal rusts. It belongs to the phylum Basidiomycota, which is part of the kingdom Fungi. Infected plants produce fewer tillers and...

Solution: Wheat varieties like Sonalika and Kalyan Sona are semi-dwarf varieties developed by Norman E. Borlaug in Mexico in 1963.  These are drug-resistant varieties with a high yield. There are...

Solution: Mating genetically identical creatures are referred to as inbreeding. Interbreeding aids in the expression of advantageous recessive alleles for a trait. Interbreeding is carried out in...

Solution: A breed is a collection of animals that are connected by descent and share several characteristics such as overall appearance, size, and traits. Leghorn, for example, is a better chicken...

Solution: When prepared correctly, chicken and other poultry products are safe to eat. The H5N1 virus, which causes avian flu, dies when poultry is cooked to 70 degrees Celsius. As a result, all...