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A window in the form of a rectangle is surmounted by a semi-circular opening. The total perimeter of the window is 10 m. Find the dimensions of the rectangular part of the window to admit maximum light through the whole opening.

RD Sharma Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 18 Maxima and Minima Image 49

Let the radius of semicircle, length and breadth of rectangle be $r,$ $x$ and $y$ respectively

\[AE\text{ }=\text{ }r\]

\[AB\text{ }=\text{ }x=2r\text{ }\left( semicircle\text{ }is\text{ }mounted\text{ }over\text{ }rectangle \right)\ldots 1\]

\[AD\text{ }=\text{ }y\]

Given Perimeter of window \[=\text{ }10\text{ }m\]

\[x\text{ }+\text{ }2y\text{ }+\text{ }\pi r\text{ }=\text{ }10\]

\[2r\text{ }+\text{ }2y\text{ }+\text{ }\pi r\text{ }=\text{ }10\]

\[2y\text{ }=\text{ }10\text{ }\text{ }\left( \pi \text{ }+\text{ }2 \right).r\]