Explain the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. Describe an experiment to show that a current is set up in a closed loop when an external magnetic field passing through the loop increases or decreases.
Explain the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. Describe an experiment to show that a current is set up in a closed loop when an external magnetic field passing through the loop increases or decreases.

Solution: The experimental diagram of circuit is:

Electromagnetic induction is a phenomenon that occurs when a magnetic field is changed in a closed circuit, resulting in the generation of an electric current. When this phenomenon occurs, an electric current is produced and a potential difference is created in the circuit as a result of the induced current. This is referred to as induced current/induced emf.

Experiment:

Take two different coils of copper wire with a large number of turns on each one and compare them (say 50 and 100 turns respectively). As shown in Fig. 13.17, place them over a cylindrical roll that is not conducting electricity. This can be accomplished with the help of a thick paper roll.)
Connect the coil-1, which has a greater number of turns, in series with a battery and a plug key to complete the circuit. Connect the other coil-2 to a galvanometer in the same manner as shown.
The key should be plugged in. Keep an eye on the galvanometer. Is there a slant in the needle’s trajectory? When a momentary current in coil-2 occurs, you will notice that the needle of the galvanometer jumps to one side and then quickly returns to zero, indicating that the coil is conducting.
Coil-1 should be disconnected from the battery. You will notice that the needle moves for a brief period of time, but it will move to the opposite side. This means that the current in coil-2 is now flowing in the opposite direction of the previous current.