What Are Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum And Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a type of organelle in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae (flattened sacs). SER is abundant in lipid-synthesizing cells such as the liver and adipose tissue but is also present in most other cell types. It plays a significant role in synthesizing and transporting lipids and steroids and detoxifying drugs and toxins; hence, it is considered part of the cellular membrane trafficking system. SER was first described in 1953 by Keith Raper and Hugh Davson.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is a type of organelle in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened sacs (cisternae), called cisternal space tubules. It is the site of protein synthesis and lipid and glycoprotein transport. RER was first described in 1955 by Keith Raper and Hugh Davson.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells. SER plays a major role in lipid and steroid synthesis and detoxifying of drugs and toxins. In addition, SER is considered part of the cellular membrane trafficking system.
What Is Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Structure?
The tube-like endoplasmic reticulum structure, often known as the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, is near the cell surface.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum comprises tubules or tubes that sometimes branch out, forming a network. This network provides increased surface area for the storage of critical enzymes.
What Is The Difference Between Rough ER And Smooth ER?
The most basic distinction between RER and SER is ribosomes.
The surface of an ER appears rough when ribosomes attach to it, and this earned it the name Rough ER. In contrast, Smooth ER does not have ribosomes on its surface but instead has them attached to its membrane.
- Smooth RER contains vesicles and tubules, while Rough RER contains cisternae and a few tubules.
- Smooth RER is involved in synthesizing glycogen, lipids, and steroids, while Rough RER is engaged in synthesizing enzymes and proteins.
- Smooth RER is connected to plasmalemma, while Rough RER is connected to the nuclear envelope.
- Smoot RER lacks the Ribophorins while Rough RER has Ribophorins present. It helps in the attachment of Ribosomes to RER.
- Smooth RER works on Lipid Storage while Rough RER works on Protein Storage.
Where Is Smooth And Rough ER Found?
Smooth ER is found in all types of cells but is most abundant in liver and fat cells. Rough ER is found in all cells that actively synthesize proteins.
How Does Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Detoxify?
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is essential in detoxification because it contains many enzymes that can break down toxic substances. These enzymes include cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase. Cytochrome P450 is involved in the metabolism of many drugs, including those used to treat cancer. Glutathione-S-transferase catalyzes the reaction between glutathione and various substrates, including drugs and toxins. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase conjugates glucuronic acid with multiple substrates, including drugs and toxins. This reaction results in the formation of water-soluble conjugates excreted in the urine.
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